COMMERCIAL PILOT PAY
Commercial Pilot Pay Lesson by wifiCFI
Common Carriage (AC 120-12A)
A carrier becomes a Common Carrier when it “holds itself out” to the public, or to a segment of the public, as willing to furnish transportation within the limits of its facilities to any person who wants it.
Occasional refusals to transport are not conclusive proof that the carrier is not a Common Carrier.
There are 4 elements in defining a Common Carrier:
A holding out or willingness to
Transport persons or property
From place to place
For compensation
Holding Out (AC 120-12A)
Signs and advertising.
Using agents, agencies, or salesman to procure passenger traffic.
Physically holding out without advertising can be accomplished by:
Gaining a reputation to carry all customers or cargo.
A carrier holding itself out as generally willing to carry only certain kinds of traffic is, nevertheless, a common carrier.
For instance, a carrier authorized or willing only to carry planeloads of passengers, cargo, or mail on a charter basis is a common carrier.
A carrier flying charters for only one organization may be a common carrier if membership in the organization and participation in the flights are, in effect, open to a significant segment of the public.
Exceptions to Holding out
Flight Instruction
Non-Stop Commercial Air Tours:
Must begin and end at the same airport
Must stay within 25 SM
Must have a Letter of Authorization (LOA) (FAR 91.147)
Ferry or training flights
Aerial work operations including:
Crop dusting
Seeding
Spraying
Bird Chasing
Banner Towing
Aerial photography or survey
Fire fighting
Powerline or pipeline patrol
Parachute operations:
Non-stop
Within a 25 SM radius
Emergency mail service
Private Carriage (AC 120-12A)
Carriage for hire which does not involve "holding out" is private carriage. Private carriers for hire are sometimes called "contract carriers.”
Private carriage for hire is carriage for one or several selected customers , generally on a long-term basis.
The number of contracts must not be too great, otherwise it implies a willingness to make a contract with anybody.
The Great Debate
Persons admittedly operating as common carriers in a certain field (for instance, in intrastate commerce) sometimes claim that transportation for hire which they perform in other fields (for instance, interstate or foreign commerce) is private carriage.
To sustain such a claim, the carrier must show that the private carriage is clearly distinguishable from its common carriage business and outside the scope of its holding out.
The claimed private carriage must be viewed in relation to and against the background of the entire carrying activity.
Historically, Civil Aeronautics Board decisions have concluded that only in rare instances could carriage engaged in by a common carrier be legitimately classified as private.
Summary
Private Carriage can fall under Part 91 Operations and does not need an Operational Certificate.
Common Carriage requires on Operational Certificate
Clear as mud?
Didn’t think so…
Use the flow chart found on the wifiCFI to simplify these concepts and make life easy.
FAA Sources Used for This Lesson
Advisory Circular (AC 120-12A)
Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR) Part 91
Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR) Part 119