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PHAK Chapter 12

Updated: Apr 12, 2022

CHAPTER TITLE: Weather Theory


Below is a list of the figures (diagrams, charts, and pictures) from the PHAK Chapter 12. They are listed in the order they are found in the Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge.


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FIGURE 12-1

Composition of the atmosphere.


FIGURE 12-2

Layers of the atmosphere.


FIGURE 12-3

Circulation pattern in a static environment.


FIGURE 12-4

Atmosphere weights.


FIGURE 12-5

Three-cell circulation pattern due to the rotation of the Earth.


FIGURE 12-6

Although mercurial barometers are no longer used in the U. S., they are still a good historical reference for where the altimeter setting came from (inches of mercury).


FIGURE 12-7

Aneroid barometer.


FIGURE 12-8

Station pressure is converted to and reported in sea level pressure.


FIGURE 12-9

Takeoff distances increase with increased altitude.


FIGURE 12-10

Circulation pattern about areas of high and low pressure.


FIGURE 12-11

Favorable winds near a high pressure system.


FIGURE 12-12

Convective turbulence avoidance.


FIGURE 12-13

Sea breeze and land breeze wind circulation patterns.


FIGURE 12-14

Currents generated by varying surface conditions.


FIGURE 12-15

Turbulence caused by manmade obstructions.


FIGURE 12-16

Turbulence in mountainous regions.


FIGURE 12-17

Effects of a microburst wind.


FIGURE 12-18

Depiction of winds on a surface weather chart.


FIGURE 12-19

Isobars reveal the pressure gradient of an area of high- or low-pressure areas.


FIGURE 12-20

Relationship between relative humidity, temperature, and dewpoint.


FIGURE 12-21

Radiation fog.


FIGURE 12-22

Basic cloud types.


FIGURE 12-23

North American air mass source regions.


FIGURE 12-24

Common chart symbology to depict weather front location.


FIGURE 12-25

Warm front cross-section with surface weather chart depiction and associated METAR.


FIGURE 12-26

Cold front cross-section with surface weather chart depiction and associated METAR.


FIGURE 12-27

Occluded front cross-section with a weather chart depiction and associated METAR.


FIGURE 12-28

Life cycle of a thunderstorm.


FIGURE 12-29

Movement and turbulence of a maturing thunderstorm.


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