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Special Flight Permits: Ferrying an Aircraft That Isn’t Airworthy

Updated: Dec 19, 2025

Not every aircraft that needs to be moved is fully airworthy. Sometimes an aircraft must be flown to a maintenance facility, storage location, or place of repair—even when it no longer meets standard airworthiness requirements. In these situations, the FAA provides a legal solution known as a Special Flight Permit, commonly referred to as a ferry permit.


This article explains what special flight permits are, when they’re required, how to obtain one, and what limitations pilots must follow.



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What Is a Special Flight Permit?

A Special Flight Permit is an FAA authorization that allows an aircraft to be operated without meeting all applicable airworthiness requirements, provided the aircraft can be flown safely for a specific purpose.


Special flight permits are issued under 14 CFR §21.197 and §21.199 and are typically limited to a single flight or a defined route.


When Is a Special Flight Permit Needed?

A special flight permit is required when an aircraft is not airworthy but needs to be flown for reasons such as:

  • Ferrying the aircraft to a maintenance or repair facility

  • Delivering or exporting the aircraft

  • Moving the aircraft to storage

  • Conducting production flight testing

  • Evacuating an aircraft from an area of impending danger (e.g., weather or natural disasters)


If the aircraft does not meet airworthiness requirements and no other regulatory exception applies, a special flight permit is necessary.


Common Reasons Aircraft Need Ferry Permits

Some typical situations include:

  • An expired annual inspection

  • Certain overdue Airworthiness Directives

  • Inoperative equipment not deferrable under MEL or 91.213

  • Minor structural or cosmetic damage

  • Engine or system limitations that still allow safe operation


Importantly, not all unairworthy conditions qualify for a special flight permit.


When a Special Flight Permit Will NOT Be Issued

The FAA will not issue a permit if:

  • The aircraft cannot be operated safely

  • There is unresolved structural damage affecting flight safety

  • Critical flight controls are compromised

  • The aircraft presents an unacceptable risk to people or property


Safety—not convenience—determines eligibility.


Who Issues Special Flight Permits?

Special flight permits are issued by:

  • The FAA Flight Standards District Office (FSDO), or

  • An authorized Designated Airworthiness Representative (DAR)


The FAA may require supporting documentation before approving the permit.


How to Obtain a Special Flight Permit

Step 1: Determine Eligibility

A certificated mechanic must evaluate the aircraft and confirm that it can be safely flown for the intended purpose.


Step 2: Maintenance Statement

A licensed mechanic provides a written statement describing:

  • The aircraft’s condition

  • Known discrepancies

  • Why the aircraft is safe for the intended flight


Step 3: Submit an Application

The owner or operator submits FAA Form 8130-6 or equivalent information to the FAA, including:

  • Aircraft identification

  • Purpose of flight

  • Proposed route

  • Operating limitations


Step 4: FAA Review and Approval

If approved, the FAA issues a Special Flight Permit with specific limitations.


Operating Limitations Under a Special Flight Permit

Special flight permits typically include restrictions such as:

  • Day VFR only

  • No passengers (except required crew)

  • Specific altitude or airspeed limits

  • Approved routing

  • Weather minimums

  • One-time or time-limited authorization


Pilots must strictly comply with all limitations listed on the permit.


Pilot Responsibilities

The pilot in command must:

  • Review and understand all permit limitations

  • Verify the aircraft condition before flight

  • Ensure compliance with any required placards or procedures

  • Decline the flight if safety is questionable


Even with a permit, the PIC retains full responsibility for flight safety.


Special Flight Permits and Insurance

Not all insurance policies automatically cover flights conducted under a special flight permit. Aircraft owners should:

  • Notify their insurer before the flight

  • Confirm coverage is in effect

  • Verify pilot qualification requirements


Flying without insurance coverage can expose owners and pilots to significant liability.


Common Misconceptions

  • A ferry permit does not make an aircraft airworthy

  • It does not replace required inspections or maintenance

  • It is not a blanket authorization for multiple flights

  • ATC approval does not substitute for a special flight permit


Each permit is specific and limited in scope.


Why Special Flight Permits Matter

Special flight permits provide a safe, legal pathway to move aircraft when normal operations aren’t allowed. They:

  • Prevent unnecessary disassembly or transport

  • Support efficient maintenance operations

  • Maintain regulatory oversight and safety standards


Understanding how they work helps pilots and owners avoid violations and make informed decisions.


Final Thoughts

Special flight permits are a vital part of the aviation regulatory system, allowing flexibility without compromising safety. Whether you’re an aircraft owner coordinating maintenance or a pilot asked to ferry an aircraft, knowing the rules surrounding special flight permits is essential.



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