THE TEACHING PROCESS

The Teaching Process Lesson by wifiCFI

Overview

To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the teaching process by describing:

Preparation of a lesson Organization of material Training and delivery methods Lecture method

Guided discussion method

Computer-assisted method

Demonstration-performance method

Drill and practice method

Problem based learning

Instruction aids and training technologies Preparation of a Lesson A determination of objectives and standards is necessary before any important instruction can be presented. Training objections and standards

There are 2 types of objections in aviation training:

Performance based

What needs to be done and exactly how it will be done in each lesson

Decision based

Allow for a more dynamic training environment and are ideally suited for scenario based trainings.

Standards are used to measure student skill and improvement

It is important to use the PTS (for standards) during aviation training.

Organization of Material Even the most knowledgeable instructor must organize his/her teaching material. Before the Lesson: Decide on the topic

Determine the amount of time for the lesson

Write an outline

Develop a flow

Avoid overloading the student

Rehearse the lesson

Set a positive tone for learning

During the Lesson: Grab their attention

Maintain eye contact

Make learning goals

Plan an activity

Progress smoothly through the lesson

Use time efficiently

Use multimedia

Break the lessons up with small tasks

Move around during the lesson

Give students time to answer questions

After the Lesson:

Plan an ending

Summarize the main points of the lesson

Have a final task for students to accomplish

Leave time for questions

Provide other resources for students

Be available to students after class

Critique your lesson: What went well? What could go better?

Organization of Material A few more techniques for organizing your material. Each technique is good for different situations and lessons.

Past to present

Simple to complex

Known to unknown

Most frequently used to least frequently used

Training Delivery Methods Lecture Method- in the lecture method the instructor delivers his message to students who are mostly silent participants. Good for introduction to new topics, large class sizes.

Discussion Method- this method integrates the lecture method with an open dialogue with students. First a short lecture, then an open discussion.

Good for personalization and smaller class sizes.

Guided Discussion Method- this method is a discussion guided by questioning. The student must possess some knowledge of the subject for this method to be effective. Good for deeper understanding and one-on-one teaching environments.

Computer-Assisted Learning Method- using multimedia on the computer to teach aviation concepts. Good for mobility and versatility.

Demonstration-Performance Method- students observe the skill and then reproduce it to the best of their ability.  Good for skill mastery.

Drill and Practice Method- connections are strengthened with practice. Pick a particular skill to work on and practice it multiple times. Good for attention to detail in one particular skill set.

Problem Based Learning

A method of teaching that is based in scenarios and requires in-depth discussion because the problem will have multiple correct answers. How to create effective PBL (problem based learning) scenarios: Relate them to the real world so students will want to solve the problem

Require students to make decisions

Are open-ended and have multiple correct answers

Are connected to known and unknown knowledge (old and new concepts)

Reflect lesson objectives

Challenge students to think critically

PBL’s can either be scenario or case study based.

Instructional Aids and Training Technologies

Studies agree that retention is higher when training is accompanied with instructional aids.

Effective instructional aids: Support the lesson objective

Are student centered

Build on previous learning

Appeal to students

Maintain student attention

Provide proper stimuli and reinforcement

Examples of instructional aids include: Chalk board or white board

Supplemental print material

FAA publications

Interactive CD’s and DVD’s

Short videos

Computer based training (videos, interactive activities, webinars)

Models, mock-ups, and cut-aways

FAA Sources Used in this Lesson Aviation Instructor’s Handbook